Electrical signal system.



PATENTED JULY 17, 1906.

' G. P. NAGHOD. ELECTRICAL SIGNAL SYSTEM.-

APPLICATION FILED AUG, 2. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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o. P. NAOHOD. ELECTRICAL SIGNAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2.1905.

2 MEETS-SHEET 2'.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY 7 UNITED s'rA'rns FAQ-TENT OFFICE. CARL P. NASHOD. OF WIL KTNS BURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIQAL SIGNAL SYSTEM.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented m 17,1906;

To all whmn, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL P. NAcHoD, a

citizenof the United States, and a resident of tom of Signaling, in which the o erated by a car going in either direction;

' restorin trate, simi arly,

trolley or Wilkin'sburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrical Signal Systems, ofwhich' the cation. g

My invention relates to systems for operating si als in connection with railways, and

particu arly ,to such signal systems as are,

employed in connection with single -track electric railways having turnouts at convenient intervals, to allow passage of cars.

The several objects of my invention areas follows The provision of a symmetrical syssignals may be t e provisionof means for indicating at the turnouts whether or not the block-of single. track between is occupied by a car; the provision of means for setting a cautionary signal at the turnout in the rearv'and'a' dangersignal at the turnout in advance of a-carien tering the block of single. direction of motion of a" c'arin' the block may be indicated at the turnouts; the provision of means for returning the signals to conditions of no indication when the block of single track is vacantor clear; the revision of -means for recording the num ers of cars which enter and leave the block of single track in succession and for preventing the signals from indicating vacancy of the single track until the same number of cars have left the block going in the same direction as had entered it previously-i. e., untilorunless the block is vacant; the provision of means for preventing a change in the indications of the signals while the smgle track is occupied, and the provision of means for automatically g the signals to the previous COIlClltions of lndication of the supply of current an its subsequent restoration.

Figurel of the accom anying drawings illustrates diagrammatical a system embodyingm invention; and l igs. 2 and3 illuscations thereof.

The propelling-motors (not, shown) of a car 1 are supplied with energy from a trackrail 2 and current-collector 4, the track-rail being provided with turnouts at 5 and 6 and an intervening block of single track 7. The

following is a specifitrack, whereby the upon tem orary cessationsystems embodying modifia trolley-conductor 3 through .a'

r are substantially alike that are adapted to be electrically connected therewith by means of the trolley-collector 4 provided .with branches 7 1, corresponding, respectively, to branches of theptur'noutsfiminalplates 12, 13,12, and 13, respectively,

during its passage beneath them. The indications of cautionaryand danger-- signals 14 and 15, respectively, at a station 16,that is Situated near the turnout 5, and of corresponding signals 14 and 15' at a station 16,

that is sltu-ated near the turnout 6, are governed' thereby. The signals may be, and preferably are, incandescent lamps of differ ent colors such as green for the cautionary signals and red for the danger signals, though they may be of any other desired character,-such as semalphores, which may be operated in any suitab e manner.

Since the means for operating the signals at both stations, they 'willbe describedmainly with reference to stationglfi, subscri ts being applied to the minerals which re er to like parts in station ,16'5' These means comprise a switch 17, which the absence of cars from the block of single track normally occu ies the position siiown in full lilies, and there yelec- 'tricaIIy-cOnnects terminal pieces 18 and 19.

Operation of the switch to a in broken' lines) to electrical y connect contact-pieces 20, 21, and 22 is effected by means of a magnet-winding 23, that is energized when the car-1 leaves the turnout at 5 to entor the block 7 of single track, due to theconmeeting .of the terminal plate 13 with the branch 9 of the trolley-conductor by means of the current-collector 4., A magnet-winding 24 is provided for restoring the switch 17 to the position shown in full lines, one terminal of the winding being connected to a movable terminal piece 25 of a switch 26, that is closed to establish the circuit of the winding 24 onl when the block 7 is vacant.

The termina piece 25 is rigidly connected with a ratchet-wheel 27, that is operated by means of a pawl 28, the pawlbei'ng attached to magnetizable core 25} of a'wmding 30, which is energized simultaneously udth-the winding 23 'electricall connects the terminal plate .13 :withithe lirflflch 9 of the-trolley-conductor.

E Etna 30 is energized the position (shown whenever the trolleyrcollector" ratchet-wheel is moved,,bymeans of thepaw L- a distance equalto the pitch of the teeth ofk' I I 'forpreventing the switch 17 fromr occu'pying the ratchet. and the terminal" piece 25 of the switch 26 is moved a corres onding distance.

5 Another movabletcrmina piece31 of the switch is rigidly connected with a second- I ratchet-Wheel 32, with which" a. pawl 33 is' adaptedto engage, the pawl being actuated-1 by means ofa magnetiz-able core-'34 of three.-

IO windings '35,'3I6, "and 3-7;" The magnetizing effects of the windings36 and 37 are approx? mately equal and-opposed, so that when both windings-are energized o eration'of the core .34 maybe efiected only y the winding 35.

11 5 The circuits of the windings 35, 36,'and137 are governed by the positions ofswitches 17 and 17v in 'thetwo signal-stations, the contactterminals 18 and 18 f which are electrically connected by meanslof a conductor 38, all

2o threeofthe windings 35, 36, and 37 being energized when the switch 17 occupiesthe position shown' in broken lines an d'switch. 1 7} 00-" cupi'es'the'position shown in full lines. When the switch 17 a is caused in, a manner which 2 will be more fully explained hereinafter to occupy a mid-positioni. 0., such a position that none of the contact-terminals 18 to 2 inclusive, are electrically c0nnectedthe circuit of the windings 35 and 36 is interrupted go and the magnetizing effect of the'win'ding 37 causes actuation oilithescore 34 prevails an and of the pawl33, Rotation of the ratchet 32 is thereby efiectedthrough a distance'equal to the pitchof the teeth of ther'atchet, and the terminal 31 ofthe switch-26 is moved to ward the terminal a correspondirigizmonnt, The pawl33 is. restored to tlie-position shown-i for the-purpose of setting theapparatus for, the-next operation, owing to the prevalence c of themagnetizing effect 'of-the 3.5,

when; the switch 17 occupies the; position shown in broken lines and the sw tch 17* again occupies the position showninfull lines.

It will of course beunderstood-that the 0 er? 4 5 'ation ofswitch 26 at the station '16? be alike in all respects to that of switch 26 if the corres onding governing conditions are es- I tablie ed conversely at the stations] i As additional means to those already'dek 5o scribed for governing the circuits of ,the'windings 23, 24', and 'a switch 39., having 0' erating magnet-windings and'el is provi ed, the circuit of the winding 40 being-governed by the switches? 17 and 1Z? and connection 5 5 of the terminal iece 12 with the branch 8 of the trolley-con uctor'servingto'est ablish the.

circuit. of the winding 41. Switches '17 and 3-9v are --'so arranged with reference to each other, that when the switch 39 is open switch 6o 17 may be moved only to a mid-posi ion and will be 'termina 20, I 21, and 22.. In the present case one end of a magnetizable core 42 of the switch '39 is raised into the path of movement of magnetizable core 43 of the switch 17, and

.trolleycollector connects terminal plate- 13 -with'branch 9 of the trolley-conductor, acir-i "e ual to the 1pitch ofthe teeth ofth'e ratchet.

nal 15 ','to the ground at G.v The magnetizprevented from connecting contact-1 thereby shortens travel; though evidently any other suitable means may be employed broken lines when the, J

theleft-hand position, and a circuit is estab lished from any suitable point of connection 4A with thetrolley conductor 3' through contact-terminal 45', conducting-segment 46, contact-terminal 47 of switch 39,terminal pieces 31 -andv 25 ofswitch 26;'and; restoring mag netwindi ng 24 of the switch 17--to theg'round' at t], the switch 17; being thereby maintained in position'to connect contact-terminals 18 and 19. When the car 'l leaves the turnout at 5'to enter the block 70f single'track and the I 85.

cuit isestablished from the terminal plate 13. a through contact-terminal 48, conducting segment'49, contact terminal 50 of switch 39-, operating magnet-Winding 30,' and operating magnet-winding 23 of the switch 17 to the ground at G; 'Ener zing of the winding 30 causes operation of t e pawl 28- and rotation of the ratchet 27 through a distance e termina pieces 25 and 31 ofjthe switch 26 are thereby,- separated a corresponding amount, and the circuit of the restoring mag-v 1 net-winding. 24 .of the switch 17 is; interrupt, 7 ed} 1 This operation occurs each time the t'erfminal piece-13 is-conn'ected'to the trolley-1 "conductor; The magnet-winding, 23 then.

causes the switch 17 to move to the position shown in broken lines; and a circuit is-establishedj from point 44 through switch 17 2 by way of contact-terminals 21 and 20 and magnet-winding 37 to the ground at G. Am otherjcircuit is established simultaneously i from the point 44through the switch 17 by way oficontact-terminals 21 and '22, magnet- I I0 windings 35 and 36,'green-light or cautionaryo'signal 14,'c0nductor 38, contact-terminals I v 18 and 19"., of fswitch 17?, magnet-winding 40 :of the switch 39, red-light or danger siging effects of the windings 36 and 37 oppose and-neutralize each other, and the Winding 35 causes the core 34 to operate to the right and to set the pawl 33 incnga'gement with one of t the teeth of the "ratchet 32in readiness for operation thereof. Energizing ofthe 'mag net-winding 40 causes the switch 39 to open, and thereby prevents the establishment of the circuits through windings 30" and 23" and also through windingj24, while 1 z 5 the block of single track is occupied by a car. 'Thus when the switch 39* is open the signals are locked against changes in, their indications, which might otherwise be caused liv the connection of terminal piece 13 with to insure such connection for a period suf' 47, 26, and 24.

the branch 11 of the trolley-conductor by means of a trolley-collector carried by a car moving from the turnout at 6 to the block 7 of single track. When the devices occupy the positions just described, the green light 14 at the station 16 indicates that the block 7 of single track is occupied and that the car is moving away from the turnout at 5, and the red light 1.5 at the station 16 indicates that the car is proceeding toward this station. No further operation of the devices occurs until the car 1 enters the turnout at 6 and the trolley-collector 4 connects terminal plate 12 with the branch 10 of the trolley-conductor, whereby a circuit is established from the terminal plate 12*.through magnet-winding 41 of the switch 39 and magnet-windin 23 of the switch 17 a to the ground at G. Switch 39* being open, its inagnetizable core 42*is raised, thereby preventing the. core 43 of the switch 17" from being operated beyond a mid-position, as before described,on account of the energizing of the winding 23. The movement of the switch '17 to a mid-position interrupts the circuit of the red lamp of the winding 40, of the green lamp 14, and thewindings and 36. Extinguishzment of the lamps 14 and 15 indicates at both turnouts that the block of single track between is vacant. Deenergizing of the windings 35' and 36 permits the winding 37 to move the core 34 to the left, thereby causing the ratchet 32 to operate through a distance e ual to the pitch of its teeth and also causing t e terminal 31 of the switch 26 to be moved a corresponding distance, which, if only a sin 1e car had previously entered the block 7 of single track, would be sufficient to bring the terminals 25 and 31into engagement again and effect closure of the'switch. Closing of the switch 26 completes the circuit of the restoring magnetwinding 24 of the switch 17 and causes the switch to be returned to the position shown in full lines. Interruption of the circuit of the winding has no effect upon the position ofthe switch 39, because t ewinding 41. is energized simultaneously With the winding 23 and retains the switch in its uppermost position, while the terminal piece 12 is elec trically connected with the trolley-conductor, the length of the terminal piece being such as iicien t to permit operation of the switch 26. it will be observed then that the function of the winding 41 isto prevent closure of the switch 3%) during this period and until the trolley collector disengages the terminal plate 1:21 Upon deenergizing of the winding 41? the switch 39 is permitted to fall to its lowermost position, whereupon a circuit is established from the trolley-conductor 3 to the ground at G by way of devices, 46 Energizing of the Winding 24 causes restoration of the switch 17 a to the If a second car actuate the ratchet 27 and cause separation of the contacts 25 and 31 of the switch .26 a

distance equal to twice that by which they were separated when only one car occupied the block: The magnet-Winding 30 will be energized each time a car leaves the turnout at 5 to enter the block of single track, and the contacts 25 and 31 of the switch 26 will be separated a predetermined amount for each car so entering. The windings 41 and 23 at the signal-station 16' will be energized and the circuits of the windings 35 and 36 at the signal-station 16 will be interrupted each time a car leaves the block of single track to enter the turnout at 6. The winding 37 then actuates its armature 34 and the pawl 33 to cause rotation of ratchet 32 and movement of the contact-terminal 31 of the switch 26 a corresponding distance toward the contact-terminal 25. B

indications oi the signals 14 and 15 remain unchanged while the block of single track i occupied by a car, and any nurfiber of cars, not to exceed one less than the number of teeth on the ratchet, may occu y the block of single track simultaneously, ut all must leave the block before the signal-lights 14 and 15 become extinguished.

It will be observed that the arrangement of the circuits and of the operating devices at the two signal-stations are symmetrical, and consequently cars may operate in both directions and effect similar indications of the signalsfi. 0., acar may leave the turnout at 6, moving to the left, and'ih so doing cause indication by the cautionary signal 14 at the station 16 in the rear and indication by the danger-signal 15 at the station 16 in advance thereof. It is also to be noted that the means for restoring the'si-gnals to conditions of no indication are independent of gravityand the action of springs and that theydepend for operation only upon the conditions of the contr0lling-switches 17 and 17 ,which switches are also actuated only by energizing of their corresponding operating magnet-windings. As a consequence the indication of the, signals will be the same after a temporary cessa-' tion of current in the track and trolley circuit and the subsequent restoration thereof.

If a car enters the block 7 from the turnout 5 at the same time that anothercar leaves the block'and enters the turnout at 6,

the respective operations of the two p'artsof the switchv 26 in directions to effect opening and closing thereof,' resulting from connectionsof the terminal. plates '13 and 12' with means of this arrangement the the-switch than-issupplled to it when the zclosed when the block 7 is. unoccupied, so as 3 the trolley-conductor, do not interfere, as the I when a trolley-conductor is. not employed 65 operating devices and their circuits-are inde-i' the signals and the controlling devicestherependent of one another. v 'The system is susceptible of many modifi cations, and one which I have found useful is indicated in Fig. 2, in which the core 34 is ::provided with. only two operatingmagnetwindings 5.1 and 52, respectively, the wind- I-ingj51being for the purpose of setting the pawl 33in position to actuate the ratchet 32 'a'nd'the winding 52 for the purpose ofmoving the. pawl and 'causin .actuation of the Qratchet 32. jjThe. win ing 51 is provided M ritha second movable portion. 53 of its magg'netizable; core, which is adapted to effect .o'pefiing of a switch 54, that is located in the c rcuit'of-the winding 52 and that is nor .mally maintained closed by. a sprin .55. In

this manner energizing "of the win ing 52 is prevented except whenthe winding 51 is deenergized.

Since the restoring magnet-winding 24 for the-switch 17, is continuously energized when the block of'single track is vacant, itmaybe ldesiliable to-introduc'e resistance into its cirnuitg -in -"order toreduce to a veryjsmall amount-thecurrent supplied thereto under Emcee-conditions. If this is done,- provision should alsobe made for supplying more current to the to effect movement of switch-occupies its normal position. In the modification,of.Fig..-3a resistance 56 is connected between terminal pieces 47 and 31,

respectively, of switches 39 and 26, which are ;.to establish a circuit between the oint 44 of the-resistance 56.- A connection 57 is also 26 and-terminal'58 .of the magnet-winding 37, "so that if the switch 26 isclosed while the switch 17 occupies theposition shown in broken fines; a circuit will be established momentarily from the trolley-conductor at 44, through the switch 17, switch 26, and winding24 to the ground at Gr, the circuit being interrupted by the movement of the v switch'17. It willv be noted that this circuit doesnot include the resistance 56,-and conthewinding 2 4 to effect movement of the.

sequently a greater force will be exerted'by switch than would be the case if the resistlikewise connected in shunt to either one or 6c ance'were connected in circuit permanently.-

If desired, the lamp may be connected in shunt 'to the magnetwinding instead of in series therewith, andthelamp. 14 may-be both of the magnet-windings 35 and 36.

While the invention hasbeen shown and described as applied to an electric-railway system, it-will e-understood thatit may be applied as-well to other systems and that for may be supplied fromany other suitable source.

Other modifications of the system than those herein shown and described may oh- .viously bemade without changing thexfunctions of the devices or altering in a substantial degree their modes of operation, and I therefore desire my invention to be construed, broadly, to cover suchmodifications.

' I claim asmy invention '1. In a railway-s ignalsystem, the combination with turnouts, ablock of single track, and cars that operate thereon, of meansfor automatically indicating 'at the turnouts. the passage of cars therefrom to the single track,

means for terminating such indications only after vacation of the single track by the cor responding number of cars, means for pre- '.venting' changes in the'indications while the block of single track is occupied by acar and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the meanslocated at the respective turnouts. v

2. In a railway-signal'system, the comblnation with turnouts,- a block of single track,

and cars that operate thereon, of meansflo- 'cated at the turnouts for. indicating whether or not the single track is occupied, means for recordinglthe numbers of cars which enter and leave theblock of single track respectively and whereby termination of the indi= cations is caused to occur only. when the rec-. ords of the numbers of cars entering and leaving the block agree, means forpreventing changes in the indications while the singletrack is occupied'by a car and'a singleaux iliaryconductorthat connects the means located at the respective turnouts.

3. Ina railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of singlev track'- and cars that operate thereon, of a cautionary signal, a danger-signal, and controlling means therefor that are located atv each turnout, a single auxiliary conductor that 'connects'the controlling means, means for nation with turnouts, a-block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, means that the turnouts to the block of single track for tion in advance of a car and of a cautionary signal at the station in the rear of a car, and

- are actu ated'upon-the passage of cars from 5 causing setting ofa danger-signal at the stameans for causing release of the signals only Y upon passage of all cars from the block ol single track that had previously entered it.

5. In a. railway-signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track the turnouts to the block of sin le track for causing setting of the signals, and means that are similarly actuated for recording the num ber of cars that enter the block.

67 In a railway-signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, means that are actuated upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track for causing setting of the signals, means that are similarly actuatedfor recording the number of cars that enter the block, and means that are actuated upon the passa e of cars from the block of single track to the turnouts for recording the number of cars that leave the block and for causing release of the signals. 7. In a railway-signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each stat-ion comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, means that are actuated upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the 'block, of single track for causing setting oft-he signals, means that are similarly actuated for recording the number of cars that enter the block, and means that are actuated upon the passa e of cars from the block of single track to t 1e turnouts for recording the number of cars that leave the block, 'whereby release of the signals is prevented unless the respective records of the numbers of carsentering and leaving the block become equal.

with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the st ations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling setting of the signals, and -iagnct-windingsfor causing operation thereof respectively in opposite directions, one of which is energized upon the passage of'ca rs from the corresponding turnout to the block 'of single track, and the other of which is en ergizc-d upon the passa 1e therefrom to an other turnout of all the cars that had previously entered the block.

9. In a railwaysig:'ial system, the combinatiion with turnouts, a block of single track am In a railway-signalsystem, the combination cars that operatethereon, of signal-stal a cautionary and a danger i l I for that is energized and that tions and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising controlling setting of the s gnals, controlling magnet-windings therefor one of which is onergized upon passage of cars from the corresponding turnout .to the block of single track,

and a switch for controlling the circuit of the other winding which is closed only during vacancy of the block of single track.

10. In a railway-signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling setting of the signals, controlling magnet-windings therefor one of which is energized upon passage of cars from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and a switch for controlling the circuit of the other winding which is caused to open upon passage of cars from the correspondin turnout to the block of single track and w 'ch is caused to close only upon passage therefrom to another turnout of the same number of cars as had previously entered the block.

1 1. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the, stations,-each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch'for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the assage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, 9. switch located in the circuit of the other magnetwinding, and a controlling magnet-winding therefor that is energized and that causes opening thereof a predetermined amount each time a car passes from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track.

12. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established uron the assage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice vcrsa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnetwinding, a controlling magnet-windingtherecausesopening thereof a predetermined amount each time a car passes from the corresponding turnout to the'block of single track, and another controlling magnet-winding that causes closing, thereof apredcterniined amount each time a 3 ICC 'gnal, a switch for Q oar passes from" the block. of single track to.

the non-corresponding turnout. 1 I I 13 In-a railway signal system, the combi- -nation with turnouts,- aiblocl; of -singletrack V and cars thatoperatethereon,'of si nal-sta- .tions andauxiliary conductor t at con- 'nects the stations, each station com irising a I cautionaryand a da er signal, a switch or controlling disp lay the. signals, 'm'agnet- I windings-,torcontrolling' operation of the switch resaectivel in' op' iositeldirections,

the circuit of one c which is established upon the oassa'geof cars'fromthe turnouts tothe block of single track and vice-versa, a switch a located in the circuit of the, other magnetwinding, a controlling magnet-winding there for that'is energized and that causes opening thereof a predetermined amount each time a car 'passes fro-m the corresponding turnout to cautionary and a danger signal, a-s'witch for.

controlling display" of the signals, magnet-r windings for controlling operation of ,the':

switch respectively inon-posit'e directions,

L the circuit of one of whichis established upon.

passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single tra'ck'and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other'magnetwinding, a controlling Inagnet' -Winding there-' for that is energized and that causes opening.-

' thereof a predetermined amount .each ti-me a carcasses from the corresponding turnout to the block ofsingle track, and means forpre venting energizing thereof when .a car. is proceeding in the block of single track toward nation with turnouts, a block of single track the correspondingturnout'.

15. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a'block of single track and cars that operate thereon, 'of signal'- sta-.

, tions and an auxiliary conductor that connectsthe stations, each station comprising'a,

cautionary and a danger signal, a switchfor controlling dis'olay of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of",

- switch respectively in opposite directions,

the circuit of one of which is established upon the oassage of cars-from the. turnouts" to the 3 block of single track and vice .versa","-aswitch located in the circuit of the "other magnetwinding, that comprises indebendently movable terminal members one of whjchis actu- I atedv upon passage of cars from the corre-" sponding turnout to the block of single track, I and the other of which is actuated-upon pas-1 sage of cars from the block of single-track to the non-corresponding turnout. I I 16. In a railway signal system, the combi I cautionary andfa nation with turnouts, a block'of singletrack' and cars that operate thereon, ofsi nal-s t-ations and an auxiliary conductor t at connects the stations, each station comprisin a;

dan er signal, a switch Ior .70

controlling dislay 0% the signals, magntwindings for controlling 'oyeration of the switch respectively in opposite'directio1;1s,,:

the circuit of one ofwhich is established upon,-; I the passage of cars from the turnouts to the I 75 blockof single track and-vice versa, and a'a -r switch located in the circuit ofthe other ma'g-" net-Winding that 'com rises independently? movable terminal members one of which is actuated upon passage'of cars from the (:or- 80.

respondingturnoutto the block of single" track. I I

17 'In a railway" signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that o gerate thereon, of signal-sta- '85 tions and an auxiliary conductor that con nects the stations, each station com; rising-a cautionary and a danger signal, a swltch or controlling display o'fthe'signals, magnetwindings "for controlling :operation of the on switch. respectively in: opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon "the cassage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, and a switch located in the circuit of the. other 9 5 magnet-winding that coin-,- rises inde g: endently-movable terminal members one of which is actuated u; on assa'ge of cars from the corresponding turnout 'to'the. block-of single'track and the other of which is actu 1 ated uponpassage of cars from the block of.

single track to the non-corres ;onding turn- .out, the terminal members being brought into -en"gagement with each other only when I I the-same number of cars have vacated the 1 5 block of single track as had previouslyente recl it. a I

18-, In a railway signal syst'em-, ',the combi- I and cars that operate thereon, of signal-sta-v ITO tions and 'anauxiliary conductor that connectsthe stations, each station com ,"risin'g -a "cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display ofthe signals, I magnetwindings for controllingoperation. of the S switch respectively in our osite directions,

the circuit-of one'of which is established u; on themassage-of'cars from the .turnouts to the ,sageof carsfro'rfi the corresponding turnout I 25 ,to the block of single track) I z I 119'. In a railway signal system,"the cornbination' with tumouts,}a;block of'single track and-care that operate thereon, of si al-. stations-and an auxihary'conduetqn at: con: 13,

nects, the stations, each station comprising a cautionary signal and a danger-signal, a-

switch for controlling display of the signals, magnet-windings for controlling operation of the switch respectivelyin'opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the'circuit of the other magnetwinding that comprises,independently-movable terminal members, a controlling magnetewinding for one of the members which causes actuation thereof upon the passage of cars from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and means for prevent ing energizing thereof when a car is proceeding in the block of single track toward the corresponding turnout.

20. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track andvcars that operate thereon, of signal-sta-' tions and an auxiliary conductor that con- ;nects the stations, each station comprising a located in-the circuit of cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which 1s established u on the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet winding that comprises 'independently-mov able terminal members, a controlling magnet-winding for one of the members which causes actuation thereof upon the'passage of,

cars from t e corres y ending turnout to the block of sing e track, and a controlling magnet-windingfor the other member that causes actuation thereof upon thepassage of cars from the block of single trackto the noncorres ondingturnout.

21 n a railway signal system, the combi;

nation with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively the circuit of one of which the passage of cars from block of single track and 1S established upon the turnouts to thevice versa, aswitch winding that comprises independently-mow able terminal members, a controlling mag net-winding for one of the members which block of single t causes actuation thereof upon the passage of cars from thecorrespon'ding turnout to the block of singlet-rack, means for causing actuatlon of the 'other member, and a magnetwinding'fo'r causing operation of the actuatthe passageof cars frornthe ing means upon vaclcuto thcIIlOn -CbTTeSf 0nd:

ing turnout."

in opposite directions,

the other magnet- 22.. In a railway signal'system, the combination with turnouts,-.a block of single track and cars that operate .thereon, of signal stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station coni' risin a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch or controlling display of the signals, magnet windings for controlling operation of the.

switchrespectively in opposite directions, the circuit of oneof which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet winding that comprises independently-mom able terminal members, a controlling magnet-winding for one of the members which i I causes actuation thereof block of single track, means for eausingactr ation of the other member, a'magnet winding for causing operation of the actuating -means upon th block of single track to the non-corresponding turnout, and another magnet-windingfor causing restoration of the actuating means.

23. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of singletrac'k upon the passage of cars from the corres; ondmg turnout to the-- e'passage of cars from the and cars that operate thereon, of signal-sta I tions and an auxiliary conductor that con nects the stations, each station coniprismg a caution ary and a danger signal, a switchforcontrolling display of the signals, operating and restoring magnet-windings therefor, and a switch that prevents energizing thereof when the signal-controlling switch at the noncorresponding station occupies anoncorresponding position to that inthe same station except upon passage of carslrom the block of single track to the corresponding turnout and that-also prevents fulloperation of the signal-controllin g switch under like conditions.

24. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of sigrial-sta-f the block of single track to the corresponding turnout.

25. In a railwaysignal system, the comhi nation with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of sign al-stations and an auxiliary conductor-that cor- -Iro nects the stations, each station comprising a cautionaryan'd a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of'the signals, operating and rest-)ring magnet-windings therefor, a-

switch for controlling the circuit of the restoring m'agii'et-winding and ,a switch lcatecl in the circuits of the signalrcontrolling" switch-windings that prevents fullbperation of the corresponding signal-controlling switch until after the operation of the restoring magnet winding controlling switch.

' 26.- The combination with a branched supply-conductor and movable current-collectors to engage therewith, ofsignal-st'ations' and a single auxiliary conductor that'conneets thestations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger 'signal means for causing display of the signals upon the passage of current collectors from a branched to an unbranched portion of the supply-conductor, and means for preventing resetting" 27. The combination with moving Ylli cles, si 'z alstations at intervals along the path of movement thereof, and a single sig nail-conductor that connects the stations, of means ,for causing display of signals at the stations when one or morev ehicles are lorated between the same, and means'for terininating display of the signals only when all of the one or more vehicles have vacated the interval between the stations.

28. The combination with moving vehicles, signal -stations at intervals along the path of movement thereof, and a single signal-conductor that connects the.'stations, of

means for causing display of signals at suc.

eessiye stations when a car passes one of them toward the other, means for recording the passing of a given station bYOIlG- or more vehicles and the arrival therelof at the next station and for causing termination of the display of the signals only when the records of the numbers of departing and arriving vehicles agree. 1 P The combination with moving vehicles, signal stations at intervals along the path of movement thereof, and a single signal-comluctor that connects the stations,'of 3 11021115 forcausing display of .signals at the stations when one or more vehicles are locatrd between the same, means for terminating display of the signals only when all of the one or more vehicles have vacated the interval between the stations, and means for preventing the departure of a vehicle from a sta tion that is being approached in the opposite direction by'another vehicle from effecting a change in the indications of the signa'ls.

30. T he combination with moving vehipath of movement thereof, and a single sigcies. signal stations at intervals along the.

na'l-coiiductoi that connects the stations, switches at the stations for controlling dis play of the signals, and operating and restor-' ing magnt-winc'lings therefor'the former of which "are energized when vehicles depart from the corresponding stations, and the latter of which are energized only when the from the corresponding stations, and the latter of which are-energized only when the same number of vehicles have arrived at a given station as had previously departed from a preceding station, and means for -'preventing energizing of said windings in a station that is being approached by vehicle.

32.. The combination with moving vehicles, signal-stations at intervals along the path of movement thereof,'and a single signal-conductor that connects the stations, switches at the stations forv controlling display of the signals, and operatingand restoring magnet-windings therefor the former of which are energized when vehicles depart from the correspondingstations, and, the latter of which are energized when vehicles arrive at the noncorresponding stations. v i

33. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track' and cars that operate thereon, of signal-sta- I tions at the turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a signal controlling switch, operating and restoring magnet-windings therefor, a switch in the circuits thereof and a magnet-winding therefor-whereby the switch is maintained in open position when the block of single-track is occupied by a car traveling toward the corre spending turnout.

34. Ina railway signal system, the combination with. turnouts, a block of single track, and cars that operate thereon, of means for automatically indicating at theturnouts the passage of cars therefrom to the single track,

means for terminating such indications only after vacation of the single-track by the corresponding number of cars, means for preventing the entering of the block by a car going in the opposite direction to one which already occupies the block from causing a change in the indications and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the means l'ooated at therespective turnouts. J

35. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track, and cars that operate thereon, of means 10- and cars that operate thereon, of signal-sta-- nation catedat the turnouts for indicating whether or not the single track is occupied, means for recording the numbers of cars which enter and leave the block of single track respectively and whereby termination of the indications is caused to occur only when the records of the numbers ofcars entering and leaving the block agree, means for preventing the entering of the'bloek by a car goin in the opposite direction to one which alreac y occu-- pies the block from causing av change in the indications and a single auxiliary conductor that connects the means located at the respective turnouts.

in a railway-signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track tions and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwinclings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of'cars i'romthe turnouts to the 'block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other ma netwinding,

andmeansfor causing opening t ereof a predetermined amount each time, a car asses from the corresponding turnout to the hlock of single track. i

, 37 In a railway signal system, the combiwith turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations and an auxiliary conductor that connects the stations, each station comprising a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation 'of the switch respectively inoppo'site directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other ma netwinding, and meanslorcausingopeningt ereof a predetermined amount each time a car passes from the corresponding turnout to the lock of single track, and means for preventing operation thereof when a car is proceeding in the block of single track toward the corresponding turnout. 4

38: In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of si nal-stations and an auxiliary conductor t at connects the stations, each cautionary and a clan er signal, a switch for the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectivelyin opposite directions, the

circuit of. one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch -lo- 'cated in the circuit of the other magnet-winding, means for causing opening thereof a prestation comprising a.

[ determined amount each time a car passes from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and means for eausin closing thereof a predetermined amount eac time a car passes from the block of single track to the non-corresponding turnout.

39. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations at the turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions,the circuitof one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the'block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet-winding, a controllin magnet-winding therefor that is energizer? and that causes opening thereof a predetermined amount each time a car passes from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and venting energizing thereof when the non-corresponding signal-controlling switch occupies a position to cause setting of the si nals.

411' In a railway signal system, t e combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations at 'the'turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnet-windings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet-winding, a controllin magnet-winding therefor; that is energize and that causes opening thereof a predetermined amount each time a car passes from the correspondin turnout to the block of single track, an means for preventing energizing thereof when a car is proceeding in the block of single track toward the corresponding turnout.

41. In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a blockof single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations at the turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is assage of cars from the turnouts to the hlock of sin le track and vice versa,-a switch located in the circuit 91 the other magnetwinding, that comprises independently-movable terminal members one of which is actuated upon passage of cars from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and the other of which is actuated upon passage of cars from the block of single track to the non-corresponding turnout established upon the means for pre- I nation with turnouts, a block of single track. i

single I trac ent y-movable terminal members one of which -which'is actuated upon passage of cars from the switch respectivelyin'opposite directions,

and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stationsat the turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling display of the signals, magnetwindings for controlling operation of the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, and a switch located vin the circuit of the other Ina net -winding that comprises independ is actuated upon passage of cars from the corfi responding turnout to the block of singleg track.

i 43. Ina railway signal system, the combination with'turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signal-stations at the turnouts each of which comprises a'eautionary-and a danger signal, a switch for controllingidisplay of the signal, magnet-windings for controlling operationiof the switch,respectivelyin opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, anda Switch located in the circuit of theother' m net-winding that comprises independenty-movable terminal members one of the corresponding turnoutto the block of single track and the'other of which is actuated upon assage of cars from the block of to the non-corresponding turnout, the terminal members being brought into engagement with each other only when the same number sf cars have vacated the block of single track as had previously enteredit. l X

4A, In a railway signal system, the combination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, of signalstations at the turnouts each'of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a

switehfor controlling display'of the signals,

magnet-windings for controlling operation of the circuit of one of which is established upon the assage ofcars from the turnouts to the blocgo'f single track and vice versa, a switch located the circuit of the other magnet- Winding that. comprises in dependently-moV- able termmal members, and means whereby one of the members is actuated upon the passage of cars from the corresponding turm out to the block of single track.

- 45. In a railway signal system, thecombination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that operate thereon, o'l" signal-stations at the turnouts each of which co1nprises a cautionary signal and adanger signal,

a switchfor controlling display of the signals, magnet-windings for controlling operation oi the switch respectively in opposite directions, the circuit of one of which is established upon the passage of cars from the turn outs to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet-winding that comprises independ ently-movablc terminal members, controlling-magnet winding for one of the members which causes actuation thereof upon the passage of cars from the corresponding turnis'proceeding in the block of single track toward the corresponding turnout.

46, In a railway signal system, the'eombination with turnouts, a block of single track and cars that. operate thereon, of signal-stations at the turnouts each of which comprises a cautionary and a danger signal, a switch for controlling'display of the signals, magnet-windings for controlling operation of the switch respectivelyin opposite directions, thecircuit of one of which is.estab1ished upon the passage of cars from the turnouts to the block of single track and vice versa, a switch located in the circuit of the other magnet- -winding that comprises independently-n1ovable terminal members, means whereby one .of the members is actuated uponthe passage of cars from the corresponding turnout to the block of single track, and means whereby the other member is actuated upon the passage In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of July, 1905.

CARL P. N ACHOD.

Witnesses:

, OTT0 S. .SoHAmER,

BIRNEY Hmns.

, out to the block of single track, and means forpreventmg energizmg thereof when a car of cars from the block of single trackto t-he non-corresponding turnout. 

